Facism
FacismFascism is a form of counter-revolutionary politics that first
arose in the early part of the twentieth-century in Europe. It was a
response to the rapid social upheaval, the devastation of World War I, and
the Bolshevik Revolution. Fascism is a philosophy or a system of
government the advocates or exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right,
typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together
with an ideology of aggressive nationalism. Celebrating the nation or the
race as an organic community surpassing all other loyalties. This right-
wing philosophy will even advocate violent action to maintain this loyalty
which is held in such high regards. Fascism approaches politics in two
central areas, populist and elitist. Populist in that it seeks to activate
"the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies and to
create a nation of unity. The elitist approach treats as putting the
people's will on one select group, or most often one supreme leader called
El Duce, from whom all power proceeds downward. The two most recognized
names that go along with Fascism is Italy's Benito Mussolini and Germany's
Adolf Hitler.
The philosophy of Fascism can be traced to the philosophers who
argue that the will is prior to and superior to the intellect or reason.
George Sorel, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Georg Hegal are main philosophers
who's beliefs and ideologies greatly influenced the shaping of Fascist
theory. Sorel (1847-1922) was a French social philosopher who had a major
influence on Mussolini. Sorel believed that societies naturally became
decadent and disorganized. This decay could only be slowed by the
leadership of idealists who were willing to use violence to obtain power.
Nietzsche (1844-1900) theorized that there were two moral codes: the
ruling class ( master morality) and the oppressed class (slave morality).
Nietzsche believed the ancient empires were developed from the master
majority and the religious ideas and views grew out the slave majority.
The idea of the "overman" or superman which symbolized man at his most
creative and highest intellectual capacity was brought about by Nietzsche
as well. Hegal believed people should sacrifice for the community. He
thought war was also necessary to unify the state, with peace bring
nothing but a weak society. Hegal also sustained that laws should be made
by the corporate organization of the state.
Fascism values human nature in a group for the benefit of the
community. The group as a whole is called the human will, which is ruled
by a select group or one leader, with the power being passed down from top
to bottom. Fascism seeks to organize an organization led mass movement in
an effort to capture the state power. When the power is in the firm grip
of the ruler, or IL Duce, the government will be used to control the
population and everything in it so the community will be benefited.
Fascism's ideal government would be fashioned around the good of
the community or nation. Everyone would work for the benefit of the nation
and that is all. Regularly this would take place with the merging of the
state and business leadership, with concern only of the nation. In this
the nation will also take care of its members if the need should arise.
This could be money ,shelter,...
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