Ch
Ch.23 Study GuideI.
1.Miguel Angel Asturias- A Nobel Prize wining novelist and poet from Guatemala. Wrote about his experience under a dictatorship. Established small-town life and a clash of cultures as themes
2.Frida Kahlo- Started painting in 1925 when she was hospitalized. Married Diego Rivera. Was inspired by retablos, religious paintings. Was a champion of Mexican culture.
3.John F. Kennedy � Kennedy encouraged Latin American countries to undertake reforms to raise the standard of living for their people with the Alliance for Progress in 1961.
4.Luis Munoz Marin � Became Puerto Rico�s first elected governor in the 1950s. He supported a program to encourage tourism and develop industry on the island.
5.Gabriel Garcia Marquez- Nobel Prize winning author in Columbia. Wrote in a Style called magical realism. Most popular novel was One Hundred years of Solitude.
6.James Munroe � Issued the Munroe Doctrine in 1823 which disallowed colonization in the Americas
7.Pablo Neruda - Chile�s Nobel Prize winning poet who criticized the United States for using its power and wealth to carve up Panama.
8.Manuel Noriega � Panama�s president who was charged by the United States with drug trafficking in 1988.
9.Franklin D. Roosevelt � Announced the Good Neighbor Policy in 1933, which declared that �no state has the right to intervene in the internal or external affairs of another state.�
10.Theodore Roosevelt � President that offered Columbia $10 million for a strip of land in Panama to build a canal. Roosevelt encouraged rebels in Panama to rebel when Columbia rejected the offer. In 1903 when the Panama people received their independence, they granted US the 10 mile wide �canal zone.�
II.
1. Under the Platt Amendment, the United States claimed the right to intervene in Cuban affairs.
2. The United States gained Puerto Rico and Philippines from Spain.
3. Financial interests led the United States to intervene in Latin America. In the early 1900s, the Dominican Republic was unable to pay its debts to American banks. American forces also occupied Nicaragua and Haiti ,and intervened in the affairs of Honduras 6 times. In each case, they stepped in to protect American lives and property or to support a government that favored American interests.
4. The United States wanted to create a solid anti-communist bloc in the Americas. The United States� primary concern was the communist country of Cuba.
5. Guatemala(1950), Cuba(1960s), Dominican Republic(1965), Grendada(1983), Panama(1989) and Chile(1970s).
6. The United States influenced the Latin American governments to adopt democratic and republic styles of government and helped them fight the communist leftists, rightists and rebels.
7. Until the 1950s Puerto Rico�s economy depended on a single crop, sugar. A program to encourage tourism and develop industry on the island was called Operation Bootstrap. Hundreds of American companies set up factories to produce shoes, clothing, chemicals, and electronics.
8. Because many Latin American nations are relatively small , they have limited national markets for their goods. During the 1960s and 1970s ,...
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